Post-Referendum Sudan: National and Regional Questions

Auteurs-es

Samson Samuel Wassara
Al-Tayib Zain al-Abdin
Andrew Ssemwanga
Benaiah Yongo-Bure
B.F. Bankie
Christopher Zambakari
Hamed Omer Hawi
Kassahun Berhanu
Mahmood Mamdani
Peter Adwok Nyaba
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Synopsis

CODESRIA, 2014, 232 p., ISBN : 978-2-86978-588-5

The fate of Sudan, by then the largest country in Africa, was clearly decided when results of the referendum vote were announced in February 2011. Policy makers, scholars and the international community began to grapple with critical issues that might arise after the independence of South Sudan and how different stakeholders were likely to react during the period of uncertainty.
Political developments in Sudan were long-term outcomes of post-cold war revolutions in the world system after the Soviet Union collapsed. A domino effect of such events swept across Eastern Europe with some manifestations in the Horn of Africa. The fall of Mengistu Haile Mariam, marked the beginning of the redrawing of the map of Africa and posed a challenge to the long held principle of preservation of colonial borders that had been enshrined in the Charter of the Organisation of African Unity. The precedent set by the independence of Eritrea seemed to encourage southern Sudan to press forward for independence through a two pronged approach of armed struggle and diplomacy led by the Sudan People’s Liberation Army/Movement.

This book attempts to understand national, regional and continental dimensions of the unresolved issues that could result in the escalation of conflict in the Sudan. It examines internal dynamics of the Sudan after secession of the south and how these dynamics might affect neighbouring countries in the geopolitical regions: the Horn of Africa, the Great Lakes Region and Central Africa. A section of the book is dedicated to dynamics within South Sudan as a new state. Post-conflict South Sudan as country was marked by extreme poverty, lack of infrastructure and prevalence of inter-communal armed violence. This book proposes possible policies to prevent the country from descending into a state of economic and social chaos.
The book provides the argument that equitable and rational transformative socio-economic programmes and policies could greatly reduce potentials for conflict. This book calls on policy makers to pursue policies that could lead to concrete projects planned to alleviate poverty and provision of basic social services such as education, health, and safe water. The book comes to the conclusion that political stability will depend on collective actions of stakeholders to ensure that peace prevails both in the north and the south to guarantee human security in the region.

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Bibliographies de l'auteur-e

Samson Samuel Wassara

is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Juba. He obtained his PhD from the University of Paris XI (Paris-Sud). Dr Wassara has held various academic positions at the University of Juba and was twice Dean, College of Social and Economic Studies. He was UNICEF’s Sudan national project manager of peace building in the section of Rights, Protection and Peace Building (RPPB) during the period 2000-2006. He teaches political science, international relations and peace. His research interests include security sector, peace studies, geopolitics and hydro-politics. Dr Wassara’s most recent publications are, ‘The CPA and Beyond: Problems and Prospects for Peaceful Coexistence in the Nuba Mountains’, in Elke Grawert, ed., 2010, After the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Sudan, Woodbridge: James Currey/Boydell & Brewer Ltd; and ‘Rebels, Militias and Governance in Sudan’, in Wafula Okumu and Augustine Ikelegbe, eds, 2010, Militias, Rebels and Islamist Militants: Human Insecurity and State Crises in Africa. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.

Al-Tayib Zain al-Abdin

has been Professor of Politics at the University of Khartoum since 1997. He obtained his PhD from Cambridge University in 1975. Professor Al-Tayib has worked as Advisor to the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Khartoum (2007-2011). He is former Secretary General of the Sudan Inter-Religious Council (2003-2007). Professor Al-Tayib taught at the Institute of African and Asian Studies, the University of Khartoum; International Islamic University in Islamabad (1991-1996, 1999-2003); Centre for the Study of Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, Birmingham; and at the Imam Muhammad bin Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He also served as the Director of Islamic African Centre, Khartoum (1980-85). He is a regular writer in Sudanese newspapers and has been active in North-South cooperation societies before and after the referendum.

Andrew Ssemwanga

Kigali Independent University, Kigali, Rwanda.

Benaiah Yongo-Bure

Katerring University, Flint, Michigan, USA.

B.F. Bankie

National Youth Council of Namibia, Secretary and member, International Sub-Committee, Windhoek, Namibia.

Christopher Zambakari

Scholar, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Hamed Omer Hawi

University of Juba, Khartoum, at the time of writing the paper; but currently in Bahri University after independence of South Sudan, Khartoum, Sudan.

Kassahun Berhanu

Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia

Mahmood Mamdani

Makerere Institute of Social Research (MISR), Makerere University Kampala, Uganda.

Peter Adwok Nyaba

Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Khartoum, Sudan at he time of writing the papers; but currently Minister of Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology, South Sudan, Juba.

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